Question

The beginning inventory at Midnight Supplies and data on purchases and sales for a three month period ending March 31 are as follows:
Date
Transaction
Number of Units
Per Unit
Total
Jan. 1 Inventory 2,500 $70.00 $175,000
10 Purchase 8,000 78.00 624,000
28 Sale 3,800 140.00 532,000
30 Sale 1,250 140.00 175,000
Feb. 5 Sale 500 140.00 70,000
10 Purchase 17,000 80.00 1,360,000
16 Sale 9,100 145.00 1,319,500
28 Sale 8,700 145.00 1,261,500
Mar. 5 Purchase 14,300 81.60 1,166,880
14 Sale 9,800 145.00 1,421,000
25 Purchase 3,000 82.00 246,000
30 Sale 7,900 145.00 1,145,500

Instructions
1. Record the inventory, purchases, and cost of goods sold data in a perpetual inventory record similar to the one illustrated in Exhibit 3, using the first-in, first-out method.
2. Determine the total sales and the total cost of goods sold for the period. Journalize the entries in the sales and cost of goods sold accounts. Assume that all sales were on account and date your journal entry March 31. Refer to the Chart of Accounts for exact wording of account titles.
3. Determine the gross profit from sales for the period.
4. Determine the ending inventory cost as of March 31.
5. Based upon the preceding data, would you expect the ending inventory using the last-in, first-out method to be higher or lower?

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Journal Entries

January 1

Dr.  Inventory                   $624,000

Cr.  Account Payables    $624,000

January 10

Dr.  Account Receivables $532,000

Cr.  Sales                           $532,000

January 28

Dr.  Account Receivables $175,000

Cr.  Sales                           $175,000

Dr.  Cost of Goods Sold   $276,400

Cr.  Inventory                    $276,400

January 30

Dr.  Cost of Goods Sold   $97,500

Cr.  Inventory                    $97,500

February 5

Dr.  Account Receivables $70,000

Cr.  Sales                           $70,000

Dr.  Cost of Goods Sold   $39,000

Cr.  Inventory                    $39,000

February 10

Dr.  Inventory                    $1,360,000

Cr.  Account Payable       $1,360,000

February 16

Dr.  Account Receivables $1,319,500

Cr.  Sales                           $1,319,500

Dr.  Cost of Goods Sold    $718,100

Cr.  Inventory                     $718,100

February 28

Dr.  Account Receivables    $1,261,500

Cr.  Sales                              $1,261,500

Dr.  Cost of Goods Sold      $696,000

Cr.  Inventory                       $696,000

March 5

Dr.  Inventory                $1,166,880

Cr.  Account Payables $1,166,880

March 14

Dr.  Account Receivables  $1,421,000

Cr.  Sales                            $1,421,000

Dr.  Cost of Goods Sold    $793,040

Cr.  Inventory                     $793,040

March 25

Dr.  Inventory               $246,000

Cr.  Account Payable  $246,000

March 30

Dr.  Account Receivables  $1,145,500

Cr.  Sales                            $1,145,500

Dr.  Cost of Goods Sold    $644,640

Cr.  Inventory                     $644,640

* Assuming Purchases and Sales are made on Account

2.

Sales Value = $5,924,500  

Opening Inventory = $175,000

Closing Inventory = $307,200

Purchases =  $3,396,880

Cost of Goods Sold =  $3,264,680

Gross Profit = $2,659,820

3.

As the prices are increasing the Inventory value using last-in, first-out will be lower because all the unit sold at last are sold and inventory of the old items which was purchased on the lower cost remains in the closing inventory. The cost of Goods sold will be higher in this case.

Explanation:

First In First out (FiFO) is an Inventory method which determines the inventory value and it requires that the unit purchased first will be sold first.

Cost of Goods Sold = Opening Inventory + Purchases - Closing Inventory

Cost of Goods Sold = $175,000 + $3,396,880 - $307,200 =

Gross Profit = Sales Value - Cost of Goods Sold

Gross Profit = $5,924,500 - $3,264,680

Gross Profit = $2,659,820

Inventory Working is made in a MS Excel File, which is attached with this answer please find it.