Newton's Law of universal gravition is F = GM1 M2 / R2 . This law has been experimentally verified many, many times. Although the sun has a much larger mass than the earth, Ms /Me = 3.3 x105 it's distance ratio squared (Rs/Re)2 = 3.3 x 108 dominates the ratio of the forces. There is, however, a small observable effect of the sun's gravity at the surface of the earth in its effect on the ocean tides. The moon, being much closer, has a much larger tidal effect.
Earths rotational force is stronger than the sun because we are closer to the earth than the sun.
The larger the mass of an object, the stronger its gravitational pull.
Hope this helps.
