Question

In the Hardy-Weinberg equation shown below, p is the frequency of the dominat allele, and q is the recessive allele

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

What does 2pq represent in this equation

A) The frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype

B) The frequency of all the genotypes

C) The frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype

D) The frequency of the heterozygous genotype

Answer 1

Answer:

Option D- frequency of the heterozygous qenotype

Explanation:

In the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium , 2pq stands for the genotype frequency of heterozygotes (Aa) in a population at the state of equilibrium. dominant homozygotes (AA) is represented by the p-square and q- square represents the recessive homozygotes (aa) frequency. p represents the allele frequency of A Allele and q stands for the allele frequency of the allele a. Summation of the terms gives an equal to 1(100%). The sum of all of these terms is always equal to due to the fact that the 3 frequencies in the equation are the available or possible allele combinations.

Hardy-Weinberg is relevant for it helps us in comparison of a population's actual genetic structure as time goes on along with the genetic structure we are to get if really population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state that is population was not evolving.

Answer 2

According to H-W equilibrium theory, in the equation p² + 2pq + q² = 1, 2pq represent the frequency of the heter0zyg0us genotype. Option D).

What is Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a theory that states that allelic and genotypic frequencies remain the same through generations in a population that is in equilibrium.

For a population to be in equilibrium, there must be

• no migration,
• no mutation,
• no natural selection,
• no genetic flow,
• nor genetic drift.

No evolutive force must be acting on these populations. They are not evolving.

Assuming a diallelic gene,

⇒ The allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q.

• The frequency of the dominant allele p(X) is p

• The frequency of the recessive allele p(x) is q

⇒ The genotypic frequencies after one generation are

• p² (H0m0zyg0us dominant genotypic frequency),

• 2pq (Heter0zyg0us genotypic frequency),

• q² (H0m0zyg0us recessive genotypic frequency).

The addition of the allelic frequencies equals 1

p + q = 1.

The sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1

p² + 2pq + q² = 1

According to H-W equilibrium theory, in the equation p² + 2pq + q² = 1, 2pq represent the frequency of the heter0zyg0us genotype. Option D).

A) The frequency of the h0m0zyg0us recessive genotype ⇒ q²

B) The frequency of all the genotypes ⇒ p², 2pq, q²

C) The frequency of the h0m0zyg0us dominant genotype ⇒ p²

D) The frequency of the heter0zyg0us genotype ⇒ 2pq

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