Explanation:
1.The slowly increasing distance between South America and Africa is due to sea floor spreading .
In 1960, Harold Hammond Hess from Princeton University and Robert Dietz of the U.S. Naval Electronics Laboratory gave the idea of moving seafloor and that it carries the continents along with it. This phenomenon is known as plate tectonics. The place at which it happens, plates move apart at the mid ocean ridges and that results in the formation of new sea floor during seafloor spreading.
2.Old Faithful Geyser at Yellowstone National Park in the United States acquires its energy from a Hotspot.
Researchers have found that there is a large underground hotspot that is
giving energy to all the Yellowstone famous geysers. Under the yellowstone, hot molten rock is flowing that cause the eruption.
3. Layered sedimentary rock exposed by erosion can be seen when looking at the Grand Canyon in the United States.
Grand Canyon are consists of horizontal layered rocks and the lava flow. About 40 major sedimentary layers are found in Grand canyon in the age of 200 million to 2 billion years old.
4. Australia is composed of relatively old and thick continental crust .
The Australian continental crust, excluding the thinned margins, has an average thickness of 38 km, with a range in thickness from 24 km to 59 km.
5. The extremely deep ocean Marianas Trench is a result of subduction.
Oceanic trench is the depression in the sea floor, that is narrow in width but is very long. Marianas trench is the crescent shaped trench and it is known for the the deepest known points on earth. It is the result of subduction where two plates converge and one thrust beneath the other.
6. Seafloor crust found in the Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe is composed of dense and relatively young rock.
Sea floor crust or oceanic crust is the outermost layer of earth lithosphere that can be found in the areas near to mid ocean ridges or sea floor spreading.
7.The earthquakes that occur in Southern California generally occur above a fault.
These earth quakes are due to the movement of huge blocks of earth crust.
