Answer:
Fair-weather liberal
Explanation:
Robert Merton's typology was an examination of the four possible personality types that exist regarding the treatment, in thought and action, of minority groups.
All-weather liberal
not prejudiced or discriminatory, believes in equal treatment of all people
Fair-weather liberal
are not prejudiced but resort to discriminatory acts for profit
All-weather bigot
are prejudiced and discriminate, and they are generally proud of it.
Fair-weather bigot
do not believe in equality of opportunity and hold many prejudices toward racial and ethnic groups, but they do not discriminate because they fear the consequences.
The correct answer is Fair-weather liberal
Robert Merton (1910-2003) was an American sociologist, considered the pioneer in the sociology of science exploring the way scientists behave and what motivates, rewards and intimidates them. He was an important theorist of bureaucracy and mass communication.
The sociologist developed several theories, including the “General Theory of Anomy”, which was transformed into his classic work “Theory and Social Structure”. The concept of anomie was established by Émile Durkheim in his works: From the Division of Social Work and Su/cide, when he used the term to show that something in society does not work harmoniously. For Robert Merton, anomie is a state of lack of goals and loss of identity. The anomie theory falls within the so-called functionalist theories, which considers society as an organic whole.
When studying the consequences of bureaucracy - as a form of human association, based on rationality (in the adequacy of means at the end), seeking the maxim, he noticed the presence of undesirable consequences which he called bureaucracy dysfunctions, which lead to inefficiency and imperfections. Among his works are: “Sociology: Theory and Structure”, “The Sociology of Science” and “On Social Structure and Science”.
