Question

A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from an aerobic environment to an anaerobic one. For the cell to continue to generate ATP at the same rate, approximately how much glucose must it consume in the anaerobic environment compared with the aerobic environment?

Answer 1

Answer: The glucose consumed should be 19 times.

Explanation:

The cells needs to consume glucose at the rate about 19 times to that of aerobic environment.

This is because the 2 ATP is produced by fermentation and prior to this in the aerobic environment the 38 ATP will be produced by cellular respiration.

To compensate for this 19 times more glucose will be required in order to generate 38 ATP by the process of fertilization.

Answer 2

The yeast would consume approximately 16 times faster glucose in order to generate the same amount of ATP in anaerobic (fermentation) conditions.

• Cellular respiration refers to the metabolic processes by which aerobic cells generate ATP by using the energy stored in the chemical bonds of foods (in this case, glucose) in presence of oxygen.

• Cellular respiration has three different metabolic pathways: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle (also called the acid citric cycle) and oxidative phosphorylation.

• These three metabolic processes generate all together 32 molecules of ATP per glucose.

• Moreover, fermentation is a different metabolic pathway by which anaerobic cells can generate ATP in absence of oxygen.

• Fermentation is energetically less efficient than cellular respiration because this pathway generates only two (2) molecules of ATP per glucose molecule.

In conclusion, the yeast would consume approximately 16 times faster glucose in order to generate the same amount of ATP in anaerobic fermentation conditions (16 x 2 ATP = 32 ATP).

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