Question

Chromatin structure can increase or decrease transcription of a gene according to the

Answer 1

Answer:

Option C, combination of amino acid modifications in the histone tails.

Explanation:

Complete question

Chromatin structure can increase or decrease transcription of a gene according to the:

A. combination of histone proteins found within the nucleosome.  

B. proportion of arginine and lysine amino acids in the histone proteins.  

C. combination of amino acid modifications in the histone tails.  

D. coding sequences in the messenger RNAs for histone proteins.  

Solution

Chromatin plays a very essential role in controlling gene expression and replication. In general conditions, due to the closed structure of DNA it becomes inaccessible to the replicating, transcripting and repairing enzymes. Hence, structure of nucleosome need to be disrupted for carrying out replication and transcription. Therefore chromatic structure needs to be changed by unwinding the histones. Histones are responsible for tight structure/condensed state of chromatin i.e heterochromatin

Hence, option C is correct

Answer 2

Chromatin structure can increase or decrease transcription of a gene according to the combination of amino acid modifications in the histone tails.

• Epigenetics refers to any modification in gene expression that does not involve changes in the DNA nucleotide sequence.

• Epigenetic modifications of the histone tails found in the nucleosomes can alter the tridimensional conformation of the chromatin, thereby activating or repressing gene expression in specific DNA regions where these modifications occur.

• Lysine acetylation and methylation are two of the most common post-translational epigenetic modifications of the histone tails.

In conclusion, the chromatin structure can increase or decrease transcription of a gene according to the combination of amino acid modifications in the histone tails.

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