Answer: 1). Lungs
2). Heart.
Explanation:
Even though the options were not provided, generally all arteries carry oxygenated blood except the pulmonary artery while all veins carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein.
Pulmonary artery and veins are responsible for pulmonary circulation. Pulmonary circulation involves the transport of deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs by the pulmonary artery where the carbon dioxide is removed and the blood gets oxygenated; and the transport of the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart by the pulmonary veins from where they are being carried by other arteries to other parts of the body.
Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs where the carbon dioxide entrapped in the deoxygenated blood is offloaded and oxygen is loaded in the blood, thereby causing the blood to become oxygenated.
Pulmonary vein then carries the oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left ventricle of the heart, from where it is supplied to other parts of the body through other arteries.
Therefore, a defect in pulmonary artery will result in short supply of deoxygenated blood to the lungs while a defect in pulmonary vein will lead to shortage of oxygenated blood in the heart.
