Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Maps are drawn to scale. This ensures that distances on the map are related to distances in the mapped area by a specific ratio. Measurements on the map can then be directly translated to measurements in the mapped area.
Maps are often oriented. Maps intended to be used outdoors are often oriented so that North is toward the top of the map. Carefully drawn maps for use indoors, such as evacuation route maps or mall store locators, are oriented so the direction you're facing when looking at the map is also the direction that is "up" on that map. That means locations that are shown as to the right of a give point on the map can be expected to be to the right of that point in the mapped area.
___
Over large areas of the Earth's surface different kinds of maps cope in different ways with the fact that the Earth is not flat. The best job is done by a globe, which matches the shape of the Earth. Flat maps make use of different kinds of projections, so that areas of more interest to the map-maker are better represented as to relative size and distance. (The scale necessarily varies from one part of the map to another.)
