The supply of seats for an economics class at 10 a.m. is the same as the supply of seats for the same class at noon. Every student who wants to attend this class at noon can, but there is a shortage of seats in the 10 a.m. class. If tuition does not vary by time of day, it follows that the demand for the 10 a.m. class is __________ the demand for the noon class.

a. lower than
b. the same as
c. greater than
d. either a or b
e. none of the above