1) Work is the scalar quantity
2) The ideal mechanical advantage of the ramp is 2
Explanation:
1)
In physics, there are two types of quantities:
- Scalar quantity: a scalar quantity is a quantity having only a number and its units. Therefore, it has no direction. Examples of scalar quantities are: distance, speed, energy, mass, temperature...
- Vector quantity: a vector quantity is a quantity having both a magnitude (number+units) and a direction. Examples of vector quantities are: displacement, velocity, force, acceleration...
Let's analyze now the quantities given:
- work : it has only a magnitude, so it is a scalar
- displacement : it has a magnitude and a direction, so it is a vector
- parallel component of force : it has a magnitude and a direction, so it is a vector
- perpendicular component of force: it has a magnitude and a direction, so it is a vector
2)
The ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) of a machine is the mechanical advantage in absence of frictional forces, so when there are no loss of energy.
For a ramp, the IMA is calculated as
[tex]IMA=\frac{L}{h}[/tex]
where
L is the length of the ramp
h is its height
For the ramp in this problem, we have
L = 6.00 m
h = 3.00 m
Therefore, its ideal mechanical advatnage is
[tex]IMA=\frac{6}{3}=2[/tex]
Learn more about levers and other machines:
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