Consider a 1st grader, Caroline, who is better in class and more focused than her classmates because she is, on average, 6 months older than them. Her teacher interprets this difference as Caroline being smarter than her classmates. She gives her special attention, tells her parents and other teachers how smart she is, and provides her with extra challenging homework assignments. All of this leads Caroline to get increasingly more attention for her academic prowess from her subsequent teachers in higher grades. Caroline goes on to graduate college with honors. This is an example of ...?
