Explanation: Benjamin Franklin has put together his own list or program of 13 virtues that anyone should achieve. In the first place, temperance is the virtue that underlies the following 12. Namely, temperance develops the self-discipline that is required to attain all other virtues, that is, self-discipline is necessary to uphold the other 12 virtues.
"Temperance - Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation."
Temperance is achieved by moderation in eating and drinking, as hunger and thirst represent the greatest urge that people have. If temperance is achieved and the need to eat and drink excessively is controlled, then every other virtue can be controlled and developed to the full attainment of that virtue. If the basic urge of food is defeated and controlled, then any other temptations that prevent the development of virtues can be controlled. Each temptation should be overcome and controlled, and thus each of these virtues will evolve, and that is why it should start from the basic urge for food, means starting from the strongest inner urge by going to the outer urge, in order to achieve more external virtues. This would be called "healthy habits" today. Temperance in eating and drinking achieves pure thought, clear vision and activity instead of laziness. And all of this, of course, is a precondition for developing all other virtues, that is as we say today, for achieving the set goals.
Franklin begins his program with temperance because:
According to the given question, we are asked to show why Benjamin Franklin begins his program with temperance and the effect it had on his program.
As a result of this, we can see that Benjamin Franklin lists out thirteen virtues which were absolutely necessary for everyone to have and according to him, temperance was the most important.
With this in mind, we can see that temperance has to do with self control and discipline which a person has with which he is able to exhibit good virtues
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