Martin Luther King Jr. (1929–1968) was an activist against racism in America. That means he was someone who didn't accept passively the injustices he saw in his daily life so he decided to act on it.
He was a Baptist minister who believed his faith led him to fight the violent and explicit prejudice his people suffered. He also struggled for decent living conditions for the poor.
To be an activist meant for him that he should put into practice what he learned from his faith and should not accept without a fight the daily injustices.