Question: You are a doctor in a hospital, and a patient is experiencing trouble with her skin repairing itself from a cut. The patient is also expecting a child, but the cells in the reproduction development are experiencing malfunction in cell division. Describe the stages of each type of cell reproduction process from a normal patient whose body cells can repair themselves and normal cell division during the reproductive development of the unborn baby. Explain the disadvantages and advantages of each type of cell division. Discuss how the patient experiencing problems with the cells repairing from the cut and the child's reproduction development malfunctions can alter haploid and diploid cell development.
Answer:
There are two types of cell division one is mitosis that works for the growth and repair of body tissues and the other is meiosis which is required during sexual reproduction to reduce the chromosome number to half.
Explanation:
Mitosis-
Advantages- Identical cells are produced which means that if cell repair is required in certain specialized tissue mitosis will offer a better opportunity as it will produce the same kind of tissue which is injured. For example, kidney tissue will form kidney tissues and liver tissues will form liver tissues. The process is quicker.
Disadvantages- No diversity is produced by mitosis and it eventually can lead to the production of the same clone of cells again and again and we know that diversity is the spice of life. It is needed to continue life. Mitosis can amplify negative traits.
Meiosis-
Advantages- Provide ample diversity as it allows a type of cell division where genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes from both the parents provide new combination in the offspring causing diversity in genes. This division is responsible for the development of more advanced characters and thus evolution on the whole.
Disadvantages- it is a bit complex and lengthy process with high energy usage.
Now in the above case if a mother is facing some problem related to cell division then obviously the child will be affected too. The child developing could be abnormal due to the absence of proper cell division mechanisms. There could be non-disjunction of chromosomes that could lead to polyploidy or many other syndromes eventually leading to improper physical or mental development in the child.
Cell division can either be mitotic or meiotic. The mitotic division is involved in the growth and repair of the somatic cells of the body, whereas, the meiotic division occurs in the reproductive cells that result in the production of the zygote.
Advantages and disadvantages of mitosis can be explained as:
1. Mitosis results in the production of identical cells, such that if the cell is damaged or cut, it can regrow the identical cell through mitotic division. For instance, the liver tissue will regenerate liver tissue only.
2. The mitosis leads to loss of genetic variation and results in the clone cells. Mitosis can result in highlighting the negative traits.
Advantages and disadvantages of meiosis can be explained as:
1. Meiosis is a reduction division, which leads to genetic diversity, and is crucial for sexually reproducing organisms. It involves the transmission of the genetic material from the parent to the offspring.
2. Meiosis is a complicated process and the replication errors during the cell division can lead to birth defects in the child.
Thus, the child will face problems if the mother is experiencing any illness or injury. The child in the developmental age can be affected and can result in aneuploidy.
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