Answer:
0.89 g
Explanation:
The knowledge of Faraday's second law of electrolysis is generally required here; the law states that when the same quantity of electricity is passed through a solution of different electrolyte, the mass of the substance deposited is directly proportional to it's chemical equivalence.
NOTE: 1 Farads (F) = 96,500 Coloumbs (C)
What this law means is that,
Generally, the quantity of electricity required to displace potassium (K) from a compound is 96500C because the charge of K is 1+ while the quantity of electricity required to displace calcium (Ca) from a solution is 2 x 96500 because the charge of Ca is 2+.
To the question,
the quantity of electricity required to displace 23g (atomic mass of sodium) of sodium from a solution is 96,500 C because the charge of sodium is 1+. However, when a current of 1A is applied to a solution containing sodium for one hour, the quantity of electricity that passes through the solution is
Q = It (Faraday's first law of electrolysis)
I = current
t = time in secs hence 1 hour = 1 x 60 x 60 = 3,600 s
Q = 1 x 3,600 =3,600 C
Hence, if 96,500 C will displace 23 g of sodium
3, 600 C will displace ??
From the above,
?? = 23 x 3,600/96,500
?? = 0.89 g
3,600 C will displace 0.89g of sodium (which can hence be collected)
