Answer:
A). A Recession.
Explanation:
Recession(in general terms) is demonstrated as the period of reduced or declined economic activity.
As per the given description, the situation characterizes 'a recession' as there is a significant decline in expenditures or spending of Chad due to consequent financial losses in two consecutive(second and third) quarters and increased debt. Owing to the financial crisis, there is a considerable decline in economic activity and reduced consumer faith('difficulty in paying the household bills' reflect the slump). Therefore, option A is the correct answer.