Brendan argues, in his persuasive speech, "What starving people need first is food and clean water; not counseling about the sad state of their governments; not advice about ways to attract new industry; and not pity over the loss of their self-esteem''What principle of persuasive speaking is Brendan effectively utilizing?a. the principle of cognitive dissonance and negative motivationb. the principle of presenting more advantages than disadvantagesc. the principle of creating gradual, rather than sudden, change in listenersd. the principle that basic needs must be satisfied before higher-level ones

The principle that basic needs must be satisfied before higher-level ones go as far as Abraham Maslow, a psychologist that proposed that for a human being (as an individual or as a society) to be happy and self-actualized he ought to have his/her needs satisfied.

The needs of that individual go from basic needs; such as food, water, sleep to more complex ones such as a sense of affiliation, love, self-actualization. According to this principle, the lower-level needs (Aka Basic needs) ought to be satisfied first, before trying to satisfy the higher-level needs.

In this particular case, Brendan argues that starving people don't need counselling about the sad state of their goverments nor advice. They need food and clean water.

The principle that Branden is effectively using is: The principle that basic needs must be satisfied before higher-level ones.