Question

Amoeba Sisters Video Recap: Biomolecules Directions: For each statement, write a "C" if it best applies to the carbohydrates, "L" if it best applies to lipids, "P" if it best applies to proteins, or "N" if it best applies to nucleic acids. 1. ____ I am useful for a fast source of energy. 2. ____ I have involvement in the immune system (ex: antibodies). 3. ____ I am helpful for long term energy storage. 4. ____ I have a large role in muscle development. 8. ____ Enzymes, which can speed up reactions, belong in my category. 11. ____ My category includes genetic material. 9. ____ I am important for insulation. 5. ____ If athletes "pasta load," they consume a lot of me. 7. ____ I make up cell membranes. 6. ____ A mutation in DNA would initially start with me. 10. ____ I contain elements C, H, and O and have a ring-like structure. 12. ____ I can contain long fatty acid chains.

Answer 1

Answer:. __C__ I am useful for a fast source of energy. 2. __P__ I have involvement in the immune system (ex: antibodies). 3. __L__ I am helpful for long term energy storage. 4. __P__ I have a large role in muscle development. 8. ___P_ Enzymes, which can speed up reactions, belong in my category. 11. __N__ My category includes genetic material. 9. __L__ I am important for insulation. 5. ___C_ If athletes "pasta load," they consume a lot of me. 7. __P__ I make up cell membranes. 6. __N__ A mutation in DNA would initially start with me. 10. ___C_ I contain elements C, H, and O and have a ring-like structure. 12. __L__ I can contain long fatty acid chains.

Answer 2

Lipids are long-term sources of energy, whereas carbohydrates are short-term sources of energy. On the other hand, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates may have structural, regulatory, and metabolic properties.

In regard to the questions above:

• Carbohydrates (i.e., simple carbohydrates such as glucose) are useful as a fast source of energy.

• Proteins are involved in the immune system (ex: antibodies). Antibodies are proteins belonging to the immunoglobulin family.

• Lipids are helpful for long-term energy storage.

• Proteins have important roles in muscle development. Actin and myosin are the main proteins in the muscle cells.

• Plates of pasta are mainly composed of complex carbohydrates. These carbohydrates (complex) are mainly present in foods such as bread and pasta.

• Nucleic acids are either DNA and RNA. A mutation is any change in the DNA sequence, i.e., any change in the nitrogenous bases that form this nucleic acid.

• Lipids are the main components of cell membranes. The main lipids that form biological membranes are phospholipids and cholesterol.

• Enzymes are generally proteins that can speed up reactions. The exceptions to this rule are ribozymes, which are made up of RNA.

• Nucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material of all organisms.

• Lipids have important roles associated with heat insulation.

• Carbohydrates contain elements C, H, and O and may have a ring-like structure (e.g., ribose or deoxyribose).

• Lipids may contain long fatty acid chains. For example, phospholipids are composed of two long fatty acid chains and one polar phosphate group which are attached to a glycerol molecule.

In conclusion, lipids are long-term sources of energy, whereas carbohydrates are short-term sources of energy. On the other hand, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates may have structural, regulatory, and metabolic properties.

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