If the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) outside of the thylakoids were equal to the concentration of H+ inside the thylakoids, how would it affect the chloroplasts?

The chloroplasts would release excess O2.
The chloroplasts would be unable to generate ATP.
The chloroplasts would make more glucose molecules.
The chloroplasts would make more NADPH than usual.

If the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) outside of the thylakoids were equal to the concentration of H+ inside the thylakoids, the chloroplasts would be unable to generate ATP

Explanation:

As the high-energy electron from the reactive center of the photosystem conveyed from one protein to another in the protein transport chain of the chloroplast, the energy harnessed from the electron is used to pump H+ ions into the thylakoid lumen against concentration gradient.

The proton motive force created by having a high concentration of H+ ion in the thylakoid lumen than outside is to enable the creation of potential energy that is tapped by ATP synthase to create ATPs in a process called photophosphorylation. The ATPs made in this light stage is used in the anabolic process of the dark stage to make glucose through the reduction of CO2

Learn More:

For more on photophosphorylation check out;

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