Answer: (E) Top-down processing
Explanation:
The top-down processing is one of the type of cognitive process which explaining the process that hw our brain uses the information or data and then it initiated some thoughts in the form of senses.
This type of processing is one of the important form of interaction process in the environment.
According to the question, the patience negative thoughts regarding the surgical procedure increases the experience of patient pain and it best illustrate the top-down processing importance.
Therefore, Option (E) is correct.