A) the spread of communism
Explanation:
- At the end of the 19th century, Marxist theories encouraged the emergence of socialist parties across Europe, although a little later their ideological platforms were much closer to the idea of "reformist" capitalism, with an increasingly diminished tendency to overthrow that capitalism.
- The exception was the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. One wing of the party, commonly known as the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin managed to win power in Russia after the overthrow of the provisional government in the October Revolution of 1917.
- In 1918, the party changed its name to the Communist Party, for the first time drawing a clear border. the line between communism and other forms of socialism.
- Following the success of the October Revolution in Russia, socialist parties in many other countries become communist parties with ideological platforms of varying degrees of allegiance to the new Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
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