Answer:
a. naturalistic observation
Explanation:
Naturalistic observation: In psychology, the term naturalistic observation is considered to be a research method that is being mostly used by social scientists or the psychologists. The naturalistic observation technique encompasses observing the behaviors of participants involved in a particular study or research in their natural environment.
The chance of bias results being produced through the naturalistic observation is high as the researcher is recording whatever they see.
In the question above, Dr Ginsburg is using naturalistic observation to gather data.