The phase change itself requires a tremendous amount of energy. The scale is actually sort of amazing to me. Liquid water at 100 C has 419 kJ/kg. Just converting it to a vapor without any temperature change requires 2257 kJ/kg, more than 5 times the original energy. The reason why is that there are inter-molecular forces that attract one water molecule to another. You have to put in enough energy to overcome this attractive force.Answer:
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