Answer:
The correct answer is True
Since the start of the Tsardom, the Jewish population has been persecuted by the State polices. But in the 19th century, discrimination and restriction policies were introduced. In 1884, during Alexander III’s reign, Jewish were forbidden to reach high education even in communities they were majority. The antisemite policies reinforced the exclusion of that population, who didn’t have the property right, couldn’t hire any Christian and was suffering from the progroms – which was a State incite to purge and scapegoat – lead the Russian Jewish to misery by the end of the 19 century.
Explanation:
The Jewish have resided in Russia for more than 1,500 years, and the origin of this population is part of the great diaspora. They have mainly established in the territory of today’s Ukraine, but they have spread throughout all Empire territory. After the annexation of the Baltic territories in Peter, the Great, reign, discriminatory programs have been introduced by Tsars, in way to decrease their population and force their conversion to the Orthodox Church.
Catherine, the Great, was responsible to create the Pale of Settlement, forbidding Jewish to establish themselves out of the restricted areas, which culminated in the rise of the Shtelts, communities formed only by Jewish.
But the next Tsars have raised the anti-Semitic policies, creating restrictions to access in society, like education, jobs and forbidding the existence of Jewish organizations and stopping the Haskalah, which was the Russian Jewish Enlightment that was inspired by western European ideals. Alexander III has prohibited their access to education and promoted the progroms. With this, the Zionists' idea was spread and many people have mass emigrated to many countries in the world. Most of them went to Ottoman Palestine and established the first steps to create a Jewish State.
