Question

Select the statements that accurately describe different ways that translocations could lead to cancer.
a. A new sequence is added to a proto‑oncogene. The modified gene now produces a new protein that increases the rate of cell division.
b. A gene for a protein that is involved in a mitotic checkpoint is placed next to the regulatory sequence of a different gene. The gene is now expressed at inappropriate times.
c. A translocation disrupts a gene that encodes a protein required to pass through mitotic checkpoints. The resulting protein cannot function normally.
d. A gene for a protein that stimulates apoptosis is placed next to a regulatory sequence that increases the expression of the gene.
e. A translocation disrupts the sequence of a gene for a protein that stimulates apoptosis. The resulting protein cannot function properly.

Answer 1

Answer: The ways translocation can lead to cancer are;

1. A gene for a protein that is involved in a mitotic checkpoints is placed next to regulatory sequence of a different gene. The gene is noe expressed at in appropriate times.

2. Translocation disrupts the sequence of a gene for a protein that stimulates apoptosis .The resulting protein cannot function properly.

3. A new sequence is added to proto-oncogene. The modified gene now produce a new protein that increases the rate of cell division.

Explanation:

Chromosomal translocation is a process chromosomal abnormality where by a chromosome breaks, interchange and fuse to another chromosome entirely. It is the abnormal rearrangement of chromosomes. Chromosomal translocation that leads to cancer results from oncogene activation by a new enhancer and formation of oncogene fusion protein.