Matthew Granger is a member of the board of directors at Produxicore Inc. Over a period of one year, Matthew failed to attend most of the board meetings, claiming that he was unaware of their occurrence. During the meetings that he did attend, he was not up to date with the company's developments. He did not read the reports he was presented with, and was unfamiliar with the company's financial records. In this scenario, Granger breached his duty of care primarily through _____.