Answer:
b. pain disorder associated with psychological factors.
Explanation:
Pain disorder: A person with pain disorder experiences chronic pain in more than one area and is often caused due to psychological stress, for example, stress and anxiety. The pain can lead to a severe problem that even makes a person to resist movement and proper functioning of the body. It can last from a few days to even many years. Pain disorder can be caused due to a general medical condition, psychological and physiological condition.
Psychological factors: The basic psychological factors of pain disorder includes stress, depression, and anxiety. It contributes to the severity, maintenance, and exacerbation of the pain. It often includes mental and emotional problems.
In the question above, Ryan probably has pain disorder associated with psychological factors.