Question

If three boys are pushing on a 20 kg cart, each with 15 Newtons of force, and a horse is pulling the cart in the opposite direction with 45 Newtons of force, what is the acceleration of the cart?

Answer 1

The acceleration of the cart is zero

Explanation:

There are 4 forces acting on the cart:

- The 3 forces of F=15 N each, applied forward by three boys

- The force of F'=45 N applied backward by the horse

So we can write Newton's second law of motion as:

$3F-F' = ma$

where

m is the mass of the cart

a is its acceleration

Here we have

m = 20 kg

So we can solve the equation for a, the acceleration of the cart:

$a=\frac{3F-F'}{m}=\frac{3(15)-45}{20}=0$

This means that the acceleration of the cart is zero, because the force applied by the horse perfectly balance the forces applied by the three boys.

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