Question

Ribosomes are frequently found on the rough ER just outside of the nucleus. Suggest two reasons that the ribosomes may be found here.

Answer 1

Answer:

Ribosomes are present attached to the rough ER:

1. To easily make proteins that are required inside and outside of a cell.

2. To take up amino acids easily.

3. To make it easier for the mRNA to travel from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

Explanation:

Ribosomes are involved in the synthesis of proteins. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is attached to the nuclear envelope. Hence, this provides an easy pathway for molecules to travel between the nucleus, rough ER and endoplasmic reticulum.

During the formation of a protein, mRNA is formed and the mRNA travels to the ribosomes through the rough ER. The location of the ribosomes makes it easy to take mRNA from the nucleus and amino acids from the cytoplasm and make proteins. When a protein is made, it can be used inside the cell or can be transported to the Golgi apparatus etc.

Answer 2

Ribosomes are frequently found in the rough ER just outside the nucleus for the following reasons:

• The rough endoplasmic reticulum allows the transfer of proteins.

• Proteins that act as hormones, enzymes, or carrier substances are synthesized in the rough ER.

Any protein begins its synthesis in ribosomes (complexes of ribonucleic acid and proteins found in the cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and the ER).

In the rough endoplasmic reticulum, proteins are synthesized, enzymes are made, and those proteins that should not be released into the cytoplasm circulate.

For translocation and protein synthesis to take place, the presence of what is called a signal-recognizing particle is necessary.

The receptor has a cavity in which the signal enters and thus the ribosomes are attached to the reticulum.

The action of the signal-recognizing particles causes the ribosomes to move towards the receptor and the synthesis of the protein is stopped momentarily, until the recognition of the signal in the reticulum membrane has been completed.

As synthesis proceeds, the protein enters the reticulum via a membrane protein called a translocator. .

The newly synthesized proteins accumulate in the reticulum cisternae and later migrate to the Golgi apparatus by means of a transport that is carried out thanks to the transfer vesicles.

From this process, amino acid molecules arise, which can be used for the synthesis of a well-folded protein.

Therefore, we can conclude that ribosomes are frequently found in the rough ER just outside the nucleus because the rough ER allows the transfer and synthesis of proteins.

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