Answer: Affirmative action
Explanation: Affirmative action program is the program that is used for the assurance regarding the right of the people to have the same opportunity in certain process. This program is carried out in processes like training, hiring process, employment activity, recruitment etc.
The situation mentioned in the question related with Laura depicts that her hiring is done under the affirmative action program .It gave her the fair chance to participate in the interview. It also increase the chances of getting employed.
By special program the minorities and females are given opportunity as they do not get the equal chance for employment and are usually discriminated in employment field.