Answer:
1. Competitive inhibition
Explanation:
In many well-studied cases, the binding of an activator or an inhibitor is reversible, that is to say that the molecule does not bind permanently to the enzyme. Some important types of drugs act as reversible inhibitors. As an example, the drug tipranivir, which is used to treat HIV, is a reversible inhibitor. It blocks the activity of the viral enzyme that helps the virus make more copies of itself.
Reversible inhibitors are divided into groups according to their binding behavior. Here we will not analyze all types, but let's examine two important groups: competitive and non-competitive inhibitors.
An inhibitor can bind to an enzyme and block substrate binding, for example, by sticking to the active site. This is known as competitive inhibition because the inhibitor "competes" with the substrate for the enzyme. That is, only the inhibitor or the substrate can be bound to the enzyme at any given time.
In non-competitive inhibition, the inhibitor does not block the substrate binding with the active site, but instead sticks to another site and prevents the enzyme from doing its job. This inhibition is said to be "non-competitive" because the inhibitor and the substrate can be bound to the enzyme at the same time.
