Answer:
(B) Understanding variation
Explanation:
William Deming (1900-1993) has given the theory of profound knowledge. He has been credited for his contribution to quality improvement theory. William is also famous for the fourteen points of quality improvement. The Theory of Profound Knowledge encompasses four parts:
1. Appreciation for a system.
2. Knowledge about variation.
3. Theory of knowledge.
4. Knowledge of psychology.
William believed that a system is composed of interrelated components.