Match the items.The task is to match the lettered items with the correct numbered items. Appearing below is a list of lettered items. Following that is a list of numbered items. Each numbered item is followed by a drop-down. Select the letter in the drop down that best matches the numbered item with the lettered alternatives. a. Increases the pH of the digestive juices in the small intestine to a more alkaline state so the digestive enzymes can function. b. Make intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid c. Needed for the absorption of vitamin B12 d. Generates beneficial short chain fatty acids in the colon e. Promote peristalsis and segmentation contractions f. Digests starch g. Digests protein in the stomach h. The inactive enzyme form of pepsin is. Denatured (disrupts structure of) protein and activates pepsinogen 1. Salivary Amylase 2. Pepsin 3. Hydrochloric acid 4. Pepsinogen 5. Intestinal microflora 6. R-protein 7. Parietal cells 8. Bicarbonate 9. Pacemaker cells

Once the digestion is completed, bicarbonate is secret by the pancreas to raise the internal PH of the stomach and the small intestine and neutralize the acids entering the duodenum (first section fo the small intestine).

b. Make intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid. 7. Parietal cells

Parietal cells are specialized cells in the stomach that release hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor. They have receptors of different stimulants on their membrane, once the digestion starts the body releases some hormones and stimulators. A receptor binds to a stimulator and the production of hydrochloric acid begins.

c. Needed for the absorption of vitamin B12 6. R protein

The R protein, present in saliva and gastric fluids, binds to the vitamin B12, to move it through the stomach and protect it from its degradation due to the acid present in the digestive tract.

d. Generates beneficial short-chain fatty acids in the colon. 5. Intestinal microflora

The intestinal microflora is the bacteria present in the intestine. These bacteria work in the maintenance of the colon epithelium, mucous membrane integrity, absorption of vitamines mineral among others. The short-chain fatty acids are produced by bacterial fermentation after the fiber is degraded and these products are absorbed in the colon. Bowl and colonic mucose can easily absorb these short-chain fatty acids.

e. Promote peristalsis and segmentation contractions. 9. Pacemaker cells

Peacemaker cells are involved in the frequency of muscular contractions in the gastrointestinal tract (peristalsis). The strong movements move down the food so it reaches the stomach, subsequently, it keeps moving to the small intestine and finally, it concludes in the large intestine.

f. Digests starch. 1. Salivary Amylase

Glucose, present in starch, is the principal source of energy in the food. To access this glucose starch needs to be degraded. The salivary amylase is an enzyme present in the saliva, serve this purpose. The enzyme is caple of breaking the bonds that bind the glucose molecules in the starch so we can obtain energy from breaking the glucose molecules.

g. Digests protein in the stomach. 2. Pepsine

Pepsine is a digestive enzyme secreted by the parietal cells in the stomach that break down proteins in the ingested food so we can metabolize it.

h. The inactive enzyme form of pepsin is. 4. Pepsinogen

Pepsinogen is the enzyme secrete by the gastric chief cells in the stomach. This proenzyme is the precursor of the pepsine. Once it is in the stomach, it merges with hydrochloric acid and it is immediately activated by this contact.

i. Denatured (disrupts structure of) protein and activates pepsinogen. 3. Hydrochloric acid

Secreted by the parietal cells, the hydrochloric acid activates the pepsinogen and produces the optimal acidity level for the pepsine to work, helps with the fragmentation of connective tissue and muscular fibers, denatures proteins and removes most of the microorganisms that survived the digestive process from the saliva.