Which of the following was NOT a popular reform movement of the mid-19th century?
a. the temperance movement
b. the abolitionist movement
c. the women's suffrage movement
d. the anti-smoking movement
The temperance movement was aimed at reducing the consumption of alcoholic beverages. Ultimately that 19th century reform movement culminated in the Prohibition period in the early 20th century, from 1919 to 1933, when the 18th Amendment was in effect.
The abolitionist movement was aimed at ending slavery. Ultimately slavery did come to an end in the United States after the Civil War in the mid-19th century.
The women's suffrage movement aimed at getting voting rights and other political rights for women. The 19th Amendment, ultimately ratified in 1920, was the result of a long struggle by women to have their rights recognized.
The anti-smoking movement, also known as tobacco control, started in the United States in the 20th century, not the 19th century. In 1964, a report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General gave evidence that cigarette smoking was a cause of lung cancer, and therefore actions were needed to regulate and curtail tobacco use.
