The mass of a planet affects the motion of the planet around the sun because mass is directly proportional to the gravitational force.
What is gravity?
The force of attraction felt by a person at the center of a planet or Earth is called as the gravity.
Force of gravity between Sun and planet while moving in orbit is given by
F = GMm/R²
where M is the mass of Sun, m is the mass of any planet, G = gravitational constant = 6.67 x 10⁻¹¹ N.m²/kg² and R is the distance between two masses.
The weight of a person or object is determined by gravity. The gravitational attraction of the Sun holds the planets to move in their elliptical orbits.
Thus, the mass effects the motion of the planets because the strength of gravitational force depends of the mass of planet
Learn more about gravity.
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