Colonization process in America was in a great scale violent and exterminating for American indian culture. European culture intended to destroy all systems of beliefs other than their own. Ideology was an immense source of power and control over population. In this terms the effect of europeans arrival in America where destructive.
To European cultures colonization was one of the most important ways to secure economic growth and power. Land was private property and that implemented in economic organization a social class systems, in terms of productive forces. Most american indians where force into reservations, to live as outcasts or to be servants of Europeans.
This effects lead to poverty and crude living conditions for indian americans, even now a days.