Question

1. In the diagram below, what is not a part of an ADP molecule?

A. a
B. b
C. c
D. d

2. In the diagram below, which part of the molecule must the bonds be broken to release energy and create ADP?

A. between A and B

B. between A, B, and C

C. between B and C

D. between C and D

Answer 1

1. The right answer is D.

The diagram represents an ATP molecule.

ADP: adenosine diphosphate

ATP: adenosine triphosphate

ATP has one more phosphate than ADP. So more energy, usually in reaction that require energy, ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP + Pi (inorganic phosphate).

Basically, adenosine carries energy (for muscles, syntheses, etc.) in the form of phosphates, in ADP there are two, and in ATP there are three. So we can go from one to the other by adding or removing a phosphate.

2. The right answer is D.

The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and Pi (inorganic phosphate) is a strongly exothermic reaction. The repulsion between the negative charges of the adjacent phosphate groups makes the bonds between the first and second phosphate groups and the bonds between the second and third phosphate groups unstable. The breaking of these bonds causes a release of energy.

Answer 2

C and D are the parts of the molecule in which the bonds must be broken to release energy and create ADP and D is not a part of ADP molecule.

Third phosphate is not a part of ADP molecule because there are only two phosphate atoms in ADP molecule whereas three atoms of phosphate are present in the molecule of ATP. It is because between C and D, phosphate molecules are present. In C, two phosphate atoms are present.

Whereas at D, one phosphate atom is present which can be removed when the bonds between C and D can be broken down that leads to the creation of ADP. When there are three phosphate atoms combine together the molecule is known as ATP but when one phosphate is removed it turn into ADP.

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