Question

PLEASE HELP IMPORTANT PHYSICS TEST!

Consider the free-body diagram. Based on the net forces illustrated here, what can you say about the acceleration of the object?

The object is accelerating in an upward direction.
The object is moving at a constant speed.
The acceleration equals 0.
The object is accelerating down.

Answer 1

As per given FBD we can see that there are four forces acting on it

now if we consider horizontal forces we can see that

$F_x = 100 - 100 = 0N$

so there is no force along horizontal direction

along Y direction we can see there are two forces one force is 600 N upwards while other is 720 N downwards

So net force on the object will be given as

$F = 720 - 600 = 120 N$

now overall due to all four forces we can see there is only 120 N net force on the object which is inclined downwards

So here this object will accelerated along the direction of net force

so correct answer will be

The object is accelerating down.

Answer 2

From the free body diagram, the object is accelerating in the downward direction.

Further Explanation:

According to the Newton’s second law of motion, a body is said to be accelerating if it has some net force acting on it in a particular direction. The acceleration of a body acted upon by a net force is given as:

$\boxed{a=\frac{{{F_{net}}}}{m}}$

Here, $a$ is the acceleration of the object and $m$ is the mass of the object.

The acceleration of the object is always in the direction of the net force acting on it.

In the free-body diagram attached below, the net force in the horizontal direction is expressed as:

$\begin{aligned}{F_H}&=100-100\\&=0\,{\text{N}}\\\end{aligned}$

The net force I the vertical direction on the object is:

$\begin{aligned}{F_V} &= 600 - 720\,{\text{N}}\\&=- {\text{120}}\,{\text{N}}\\\end{aligned}$

The above calculations show that the net force on the object in the horizontal direction is zero. So, there will be no acceleration of the object in the horizontal direction.

The object has a net force of $- 120{\text{N}}$ in the vertical direction and the negative sign shows that the net force is in downward direction. Therefore, the object will have acceleration in the downward direction.

Thus, from the free body diagram, the object is accelerating in the downward direction.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Physics

Chapter: Newton’s law of Motion

Keywords : Free-body diagram, net forces, acceleration, constant speed, upward direction, downward direction, vertical, horizontal, negative sign, Newton’s second law.