The answer is: Critical';contradicting
According to skinner, learning process occurs as a response from the change of stimulus that happen around people, without any cognitive process that influence it.
According to tolman and kohler, whenever a change happen, a cognitive process would occurs in people's mind to analyze whether the changes could be meaningful in a certain way or not. If not, learning process would not occurs.
Pioneering studies by Tolman and Köhler suggest a critical role for cognition in learning, contradicting skinner's views of learning.
