Sons are encouraged to engage in instrumental behavior, whereas daughters are encouraged to engage in expressive behavior.
The reason for this dichotomy is based on gender differences, such as agressivity opposed to serenity or rationality opposed to emotionality, for instance.
These characteristics are related to one sex opposed to the other, and culturally pertinent for men and women.
According to this theory, sons are encouraged to focus on motivational states, whereas daughters are encouraged to socially signaling.
The correct answer is A) instrumental; expressive.
Sons are encouraged to engage in instrumental behavior, whereas daughters are encouraged to engage in expressive behavior.
The other options of the question were b) expressive; instrumental, c) inappropriate; appropriate, and d) appropriate; inappropriate.
Expressive behavior is verbal behavior, very expressive. Like women behavior that likes to talk, express their feelings, problems, emotions, and happiness. On the opposite, the instrumental behavior is aimed to reach something, to reach a goal, a solution, to achieve something. That is why is correct the idea that sons are encouraged to engage in instrumental behavior, whereas daughters are encouraged to engage in expressive behavior.
