Question

A marine biologist measured the amount of heat radiated from an aquarium over the course of an experiment. His measurements are shown in the graph below.


Based on this data, he concludes that the aquarium cannot be considered an isolated system for this experiment. Explain how he came to this conclusion.

No energy is released by the aquarium over the course of the experiment.
The aquarium releases a significant amount of energy over the course of the experiment.
The energy released from the aquarium does not decrease over the course of the experiment.
The measured energy from the aquarium is more than one joule over the course of the experiment.


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Answer 1

A reasonable choice is ...

... The aquarium releases a significant amount of energy over the course of the experiment.

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An isolated system is one that does not exchange either matter or energy with its surroundings. The fact that energy is lost from the system means it is not isolated.

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Whether 1.2 joules over the course of 15 seconds is "significant" or not depends on a number of factors, including the amount of energy contained in the aquarium and the ability of the biologist to measure energy releases accurately and reliably.