Question

Membrane proteins can have a variety of functions. What functions can these proteins have? Check all that apply.

Answer 1

Answer;

-Channel, Recognition, reception, transport

Explanation;

Membrane proteins serve a number of functions:

• Channel proteins: allow dissolved molecules to diffuse through the membrane. Some of these proteins are structured in a way that allows only certain small molecules or ions through.

• Carrier proteins: These have binding sites that allows them to bind to certain substances and physically move the substance from one side of the membrane to the other.

• Receptor proteins: These proteins have active sites shaped to fit specific signal molecules, such as hormones. Once the protein is activated by the substance, it sets off a series of changes in the cell,such as increased metabolic rate or cell division.

• Recognition proteins: These proteins, called glycoproteins (glyco = sugar) have complex carbohydrates attached to them. These form the identification system that allows your body cells to recognize each other as self instead of foreign.

• Protein filaments: Long strands of protein on the inside surface of the membrane help support and strengthen the cell membrane, forming the cytoskeleton.

Answer 2

Membrane proteins perform a number of functions inside the cell of an organism.

What do you mean by Proteins?

Proteins are the polymers of amino acids held together by the peptide bonds. Proteins are essential biological compounds such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies.

Functions of membrane proteins are:

• Enzymatic functions: Breaking down lactose into carbohydrates and then to monosaccharides is an enzymatic action of proteins.
• Transportation: Membrane proteins can allow hydrophilic molecules to pass through the cell membrane. They do this by releasing ATP to use as an energy source.
• Signal Transduction: When a hormone meets with the cell wall, it connects with a receptor membrane protein that is embedded inside the cell wall. The hormones perform their functions by signal transduction.
• Cell Recognition: It is another important function of membrane proteins. During this process, cell identification and recognition are done. The immune system helps the body to recognize foreign cells and kill them before they cause any infection.
• Cell adhesion and communication: This function helps the cell to communicate with one another, and to transfer materials between one another. Membranes proteins are also required for cell-to-cell adhesion and cell-to-matrix (ECM) adhesion.

Therefore, these are some functions that membrane proteins are performed inside the body of an organism.

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