sentence 1. is both because they both near South America, and South America is thousands of kilometers away from the United States
sentence 2. is el nino because el nino forms in the West Pacific
sentence 3. is el nino because el nino starts out warm and the cools down and affects the western coast of North America like California and states like that
sentence 4. is el nino because el nino leaves the climate different for a short period of time, like a year
sentence 5. is la nina because la nina causes temperatures to go down and get colder
sentence 6. is la nina beacuse la nina starts out cold and then when it hits South America, it gets warmer since they have warm water
sentence 7. is el nino because el nino blows east to west, and then when it reverses, it becomes la nina
sentence 8. la nina because la nina is cold and causes cooler temperatures
sentence 9. is el nino because el nino is warm and hot and affects he environment by taking away its moisture and making it dry and hot
sentence 10. is el nino because after an el nino, there is lots of rainfall. especially in California
sentence 11. is el nino because after a el nino, there is lots of rain, which causes severe floods, mudslides, and etc.
hopefully my answer helps u