Which of the following statements are postulates of the kinetic-molecular theory of gases?
1. Gas particles are in constant, random motion.
2. The distance between gas particles is large in comparison to their size.
3. The kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to the kelvin temperature.

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1 and 2
e. 1, 2, and 3