Under the theory of promissory estoppel, a relying party may recover damages if: (1) , (2) , and (3) .
a) There is a clear promise made by one party to another
b) The relying party reasonably relies on the promise to their detriment
c) The promise was made orally, not in writing
d) The relying party takes no action based on the promise
e) Enforcing the promise is necessary to avoid injustice
