Compare the relationship of the federal and state governments during the era of dual federalism with the cooperative federalism that emerged during the 1930s.
a) Both were characterized by a clear separation of powers between federal and state governments.
b) Dual federalism emphasized state sovereignty, while cooperative federalism stressed intergovernmental cooperation.
c) Dual federalism led to increased federal intervention in state affairs, whereas cooperative federalism promoted state autonomy.
d) Cooperative federalism led to the nullification of federal laws, while dual federalism encouraged centralized authority.
