Two major contributions were theorizing the centrality of social bonds (i.e., relationships) to all of human life and showing how social phenomena could be validated with observations and data. He believed that agrarian, premodern societies were held together by mechanical solidarity, a type of social bond where shared traditions and beliefs created a sense of social cohesion. In addition, he believed that industrial societies were held together by organic solidarity, a social bond based on a division of labor that created interdependence and individual rights.
a) Max Weber
b) Karl Marx
c) Emile Durkheim
d) Herbert Spencer
