Large males produce horns that are used in male-male competition for resources and access to females. Small males lack horns and instead try to sneak by the large males to reach females for mating. The development of horns or no horns depends on the amount of resources available during development. Based on this description, which of the following is a correct statement?
a. Neither male phenotype would be considered adaptations since a population can only have one male reproductive strategy at a time.
b. Both male phenotypes would be considered adaptations if both occur in a population.
c. It is predicted that there would be no genetic offspring from the small, sneaker males even though they are seen copulating with females.
d. The male offspring of larger, horned males would always be large, horned males.
