Slick willy is in traffic court (again) contesting a $50.00 ticket for speeding. The speed limit was v0 = 50 mph, and the police officer clocked slick going vsw = 79 mph. However, he was caught by a police officer driving towards him, so he is arguing that although the police officer measured him to be speeding, in reality he was not. Slick willy is assuming that the Doppler shift in electromagnetic radiation is described in the same way as the Doppler shift for sound. But note that the speed of electromagnetic radiation in air is about c = 3.0 × 10⁸ m/s, considerably faster than the speed of sound in air. What is Slick willy's argument based on?
1) The Doppler shift for electromagnetic radiation is different from the Doppler shift for sound.
2) The speed of electromagnetic radiation is faster than the speed of sound.
3) The police officer made a mistake in measuring Slick willy's speed.
4) Slick willy was not actually speeding.
